How Evil Has Evolved from the Early Witch Craze to Contemporary Ideas Essay

How Evil Has Evolved from the Early Witch Craze to Contemporary Ideas on Evil - Essay Example Precisely where did Satan advance? The main appearance of Satan or the idea of Satan started following the Babylonian imprisonment of Judah in the fourth and fifth hundreds of years. â€Å"Shatan† got known as the abhorrent one to the Persians, as they got frightful of the Israelites. The Israelite confidence adjusted to the figure God, and he turned into the maker of good and Satan turned into the malevolent one. In old occasions great and abhorrence agnostics were shaped as early societies changed from trackers of food to continuous cultivating social orders. Divine beings and Goddesses of the Harvest were framed, as a method of expressing gratefulness to what exactly was collected. Eastern and Western Europe were the first to see supernatural practices and black magic through all societies not long after. Be that as it may, black magic, was not given the name black magic until the thirteenth century when the Anglo-Saxons shaped covens. Dracula likewise has a background mark ed by being one from the clouded side. Absent to some in our general public, the name Dracula developed from a Vlad Dracul who really lived in Romania in the fourteenth century. Vlad Tepes was conceived on December 1431 in Sighisoara, Romania and his dad was the legislative head of Transylvania. He was accepted into the Order of Dragon, which was a military/strict society, one year prior. The essential objective of the general public was a campaign for good, and war against the Turks. The Boyars of Romania felt that the Order of Dragon was detestable, and related it with the Devil They named Vlad’s father â€Å"Dracul†, which in Romanian methods Devil. Consequently, Dracula developed from the name, which implies â€Å"the child of the devil.† The fifteenth century realized the Witch Trials, which started in 1490, and these occasions have been called â€Å"the consuming times.† England set up the first and second Witchcraft Act, which made it unlawful to a rrange covens in the sixteenth century. From this time forward, the covens had to go underground and gotten mystery. Another and stricter law was passed in the mid sixteenth century and had the option to remain set up until the mid seventeenth century; be that as it may, delirium broke out in England, and deceived to the American provinces. The Salem Witch Trails started in Massachusetts during the late 1600s. Insidious at its most elevated point extended to incorporate hangings, suffocating and burnings at the stake. By the eighteenth century, England increased some solidness, and the sixteenth century Witchcraft Act was revoked by King George II. By the nineteenth century, a portion of the mystery covens started venturing into the open eye, and numerous books and distributions regarding the matter were written in England. By the twentieth Century the last Witchcraft Act of England was transformed, and the Craft was not, at this point illicit by 1951. Wicca was framed in 1951, whic h consolidates convictions from legends and folklore and was viewed as a woman’s religion. In the 21st century or the â€Å"New Age,† local American convictions become well known through TV and motion pictures. This carries agnostic convictions to the surface as a satisfactory and open religion. In 2007 the Veterans Administration endorses the Pentagram’s use as an image adequate on tombstones in military graveyards. From old occasions to our cutting edge present occasions, great and wickedness have consistently been a piece of our lives. On the off chance that there is a decent, at that point everything considered there must be a wickedness; is this valid? There are common underhandedness events in our general public, floods and quakes, being struck by lightning and terminal ailments. These all bring obliteration, demise and depression. Be that as it may, there is additionally humanistic malice, which most therapist would call irregular human qualities. This is an issue of good shrewd and how our general public perspectives great and shrewdness. As the course of events shows we have radically loosened up our qualities to permit insidious an agreeable spot in our general public. It is not necessarily the case that great is better or underhandedness is

Technology and Society free essay sample

Science, Technology and Society Science, innovation and society (STS) is the investigation of how social, political, and social qualities influence logical research and mechanical advancement, and how these, thusly, influence society, governmental issues and culture. STS researchers are keen on an assortment of issues including the connections among logical and mechanical developments and society, and the bearings and dangers of science and innovation. Science and innovation keep on forming our general public in significant manners. Entering the 21st century, our general public needs accomplished people with an order of logical and specialized ideas. Technical disciplines and designing further require social, moral, lawful, and authentic systems to fundamentally survey the suitable and far-located utilization of these new ideas and front line innovations. The Science, Technology, and Society Program (STS) gives an interdisciplinary way to deal with the social, recorded, moral, philosophical, lawful, and strategy ramifications of logical research, building, wellbeing, and medication. Because of their commitment with numerous sides of current logical and specialized issues, STS researchers are particularly situated to play a main job in forming society. For the University, STS gives a methods for connecting scholarly teaches and manufacturing new activities across disciplinary limits. For our understudies, STS gives a chance to connect disciplinary premiums, extend explore potential outcomes, and become familiar with the investigative aptitudes should have been serious in an inexorably globalizing market for technical disciplines and innovation. The fundamental job of science in present day life isn't exaggerated taking into account todays world. Science and innovation have significantly impacted the course of human progress. Science has given us noteworthy bits of knowledge into the world we live in. The logical transformations of the twentieth century have prompted numerous advancements, which guarantee to proclaim entirely new periods in numerous fields, As we stand today toward the start of another century, we need to guarantee fullest utilization of these improvements for the prosperity of our kin. Science and innovation have been a vital piece of Indian human advancement and culture in the course of the last a few centuries. Few know that India was the origin of significant basic logical turns of events and approaches. These spread numerous extraordinary logical revelations and innovative accomplishments in Mathematics, Astronomy, Architecture, Chemistry, Metallurgy, Medicine, Natural Philosophy and different territories. A lot of this voyaged outwards from India. Similarly, India additionally acclimatized logical thoughts and methods from somewhere else, with receptiveness and a sane mentality, normal for a logical ethos. Indias conventions have been established on the standards of all inclusive concordance, regard for all manifestations and a coordinated comprehensive methodology. This foundation is probably going to give significant bits of knowledge to future logical advances. During the century preceding autonomy, there was an enlivening of modem science in India through the endeavors of various extraordinary researchers. They were liable for extraordinary logical advances of the most noteworthy worldwide bore. Enhancements in methods advanced because of logical research achieve incredible increments underway in the various areas of the economy. National assets are expanded by the replacement of modest and inexhaustible materials for those in rare supplies and by discovering utilizes for materials, which have remained un-used, before freedom; next to no consideration was given to the issue of logical and modern research in India. Various colleges and organizations completed research, for the most part on major parts of science. Certain enterprises likewise had their own exploration associations. Be that as it may, industry depended, all things considered, on remote procedures and didn't create examine projects of its own. An enormous number of items that had been brought into the nation must be produced to meet both regular citizen and military needs. Indian substitutes must be found for imported materials and procedures must be created which would utilize these materials instead of imported ones. In these conditions, the Government of India established passes on Board of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1940. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research was shaped in 1942. Since autonomy there has been a more prominent accentuation on the arrangement of extra offices for the advancement of logical and modern research. The most huge advancement in this circle has been the foundation of a chain of national labs and research organizations in various pieces of the nation. The foundation of national labs and research organizations has an exceptional significance in a nation like India where medium and little scope makers contribute an impressive extent of modern creation. These businesses can't stand to have investigate offices of their own, as the bigger makers can. Other than these labs and research establishments, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research has made commitments towards the advancement of basic and applied research at various foundations and colleges. Science is turning out to be progressively between and multi-disciplinary, and calls for multi-institutional and, in a few cases, multi-nation interest. Major trial offices, even in a few regions of fundamental research, require enormous measure of materials, human and scholarly assets. Science and innovation have gotten so firmly entwined, thus fortify each other that, to be compelling, any approach needs to see them together. The proceeding with transformations in kick the bucket field of data and correspondence innovations have had significant effect on the way and speed with which logical data opens up, and logical communications happen. Science and innovation have had uncommon effect on monetary development and social turn of events. Information has become a wellspring of financial may and power. This has prompted expanded limitations on sharing of information, to new standards of licensed innovation rights, and to worldwide exchange and innovation control systems. Logical and mechanical improvements today likewise have profound moral, legitimate and social ramifications. There are profound worries in the public arena about these. The progressing globalization and the seriously serious condition significantly affect the creation and administration segments. Due to this, our science and innovation framework must be mixed with new imperativeness in the event that it is to play a definitive and gainful job hello propelling the prosperity of all areas of our general public. The country keeps on being firm in its purpose to help science and innovation in the entirety of its aspects. It perceives its focal job in raising the personal satisfaction of the individuals of the nation, especially of the impeded segments of society, in making riches for all, in making India all inclusive serious, in using regular assets in a supportable way, in ensuring pass on condition, and guaranteeing national security. India has the third biggest logical and specialized labor on the planet; 162 colleges grant 4,000 doctorates and 35,000 post-advanced educations and the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research runs 40 research labs that have made some huge accomplishments. In the field of rocket dispatch innovation, India is among the five top countries of the world. Science and Technology, nonetheless, is utilized as a viable instrument of development and change. It is being brought into the standard of monetary arranging in the divisions of farming, industry and administrations. The countrys assets are utilized to determine the greatest yield to serve society and improvement in the personal satisfaction. Around 85 percent of the assets for science and innovation come straightforwardly or in a roundabout way from the Government. As a major aspect of its program for tranquil employments of nuclear vitality, India has additionally left on a program of atomic force age. Presently eight atomic stations are creating 8 billion kilowatts of power. Four progressively atomic force stations have been arranged. The new atomic reactors have been totally structured in India. The tranquil atomic program additionally incorporates creating radioisotopes for use in farming, medication, industry and research. Indias progress in space innovation has pulled in overall consideration and request, with renting understandings for showcasing of IRS information and flexibly of space equipment and administrations. India additionally has confidence in co-activity in space with organizations everywhere throughout the world. A significant level UN group chosen India for setting up an UN Center for Space Science and Technology Education. India is on the edge of accomplishing confidence in the dispatch ability. As of late, the Biotechnology Consortium India Limited was set up. It will assume the job of impetus in overcoming any barrier among Research and Development, Industrial and Financial Institutions. A portion of the new activities taken incorporate creating methods for quality mapping, preservation of biodiversity and bio-pointers look into, unique biotechnology programs to serve bite the dust booked standings and planned clans and exercises in the territory of manor oh no. The territories, which have been getting consideration, are cows crowd improvement through incipient organism move innovation, in vitro spread of ailment safe plant assortments for acquiring better returns, and advancement of antibodies for different illnesses. Accordingly, we see that India has made exceptional improvement in the field of logical research and innovation during the post-freedom period and this fair is by all accounts the start of a street with unlimited prospects. Truth be told during post autonomy period and through the vision of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru th

Alice Walker Essay -- essays research papers

Most popular for her Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Color Purple, Alice Walker depicts dark ladies battling for sexual just as racial balance and rising as solid, inventive people. Walker was conceived on February 9, 1944, in Eatonton, Georgia, the eighth offspring of Willie Lee and Minnie Grant Walker. At the point when Walker was eight, her correct eye was harmed by one of her siblings, bringing about perpetual harm to her eye and facial distortion that segregated her as a youngster. This is the place her ladylike perspective originally rose in a family unit where young ladies had to do the household errands independent by the siblings. All through her composing profession, Alice Walker has been engaged with the dark development and showcases solid emotions towards the regard dark ladies get. In 1961, Walker entered Spelman College, where she joined the Civil Rights Movement. Two years in the wake of graduating in 1965, she wedded Melvyn Leventhal, a Jewish social liberties legal advisor; a short time later, they cooperated in Mississippi, enrolling blacks to cast a ballot. In the mid year of 1968, she went to Mississippi to be in the core of the social equality development, helping individuals who had been lost homesteads or taken off government assistance jobs for enlisting to cast a ballot. In New York, she filled in as a proofreader at Ms. Magazine, and her better half worked for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. 	In 1970, Walker distributed her first novel, The Third Life of Grange Copeland, about the attacks of prejudice on a dark sharecropping family. In Meridian, 1976, her subsequent novel, she investigated a woman’s fruitful endeavors to discover her place in the Civil Rights Movement. She read quite a bit of Flannery O’Conner's work and extraordinarily appreciated her. For a certain something, O’Conner rehearsed economy. As per Herbert Mitgang of the New York Times, "She likewise realized that the subject of race was extremely simply the main inquiry on a long list"(1983). Quite a bit of Walker’s works are exceptionally close to home. For instance, one of her first books used to be composed during a period in which she was pregnant and self-destructive and it depicted how she had a premature birth and managed the entirety of its delayed consequences. In contrast to numerous different writers, she isn't hesitant to expound on close to home encounters she has had. Since the start of her composing vocation, she has composed sixteen books, including five books, a few assortments of expositions, short stories, children’s books, and sonnets... ...mp;quot;(1993). Generally speaking, Walker has been a compelling creator all through the dark network, and her crowds are especially interracial. Albeit huge numbers of the reactions are questionable over her perspective on dark men, through this examination it is reasoned that the portrayal can't be limited to dark men. She was just depicting the sort of man who had the potential and who was oppressive. Not suprisingly, the vast majority of the debate streams from the way that there aren’t other dark male characters depicted to neutralize the portrayal of the abuser. This apparent lopsidedness anyway doesn’t imply that she is centering all her annoyance towards dark guys, she is just attempting to delineate subjects that individuals know are valid yet maybe reluctant to let it out. Another great contention is that it appears just as pundits are attempting to drive her to pick between her help for the dark network and her help for the women's activist development, and she won’t do that for them. She is similarly steady of both, and that is a truly praiseworthy quality. Alice Walker was an individual creator who was not reluctant to show or conceal anything in the battle against bigotry and backing for dark ladies. Alice Walker Essay - papers inquire about papers Most popular for her Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Color Purple, Alice Walker depicts dark ladies battling for sexual just as racial balance and developing as solid, imaginative people. Walker was conceived on February 9, 1944, in Eatonton, Georgia, the eighth offspring of Willie Lee and Minnie Grant Walker. At the point when Walker was eight, her correct eye was harmed by one of her siblings, bringing about lasting harm to her eye and facial deformation that secluded her as a youngster. This is the place her female perspective initially rose in a family unit where young ladies had to do the local tasks independent by the siblings. All through her composing profession, Alice Walker has been engaged with the dark development and showcases solid sentiments towards the regard dark ladies get. In 1961, Walker entered Spelman College, where she joined the Civil Rights Movement. Two years in the wake of graduating in 1965, she wedded Melvyn Leventhal, a Jewish social liberties legal advisor; a short time later, they cooperated in Mississippi, enlisting blacks to cast a ballot. In the late spring of 1968, she went to Mississippi to be in the core of the social equality development, helping individuals who had been lost ranches or taken off government assistance jobs for enlisting to cast a ballot. In New York, she filled in as a manager at Ms. Magazine, and her better half worked for the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. 	In 1970, Walker distributed her first novel, The Third Life of Grange Copeland, about the assaults of bigotry on a dark sharecropping family. In Meridian, 1976, her subsequent novel, she investigated a woman’s fruitful endeavors to discover her place in the Civil Rights Movement. She read quite a bit of Flannery O’Conner's work and extraordinarily appreciated her. For a certain something, O’Conner rehearsed economy. As indicated by Herbert Mitgang of the New York Times, "She additionally realized that the topic of race was extremely simply the principal question on a long list"(1983). Quite a bit of Walker’s compositions are exceptionally close to home. For instance, one of her first books used to be composed during a period in which she was pregnant and self-destructive and it depicted how she had a fetus removal and managed the entirety of its eventual outcomes. In contrast to numerous different writers, she isn't reluctant to expound on close to home encounters she has had. Since the start of her composing profession, she has composed sixteen books, including five books, a few assortments of articles, short stories, children’s books, and sonnets... ...mp;quot;(1993). Generally speaking, Walker has been an extremely compelling creator all through the dark network, and her crowds are particularly interracial. Albeit a significant number of the reactions are disputable over her perspective on dark men, through this examination it is reasoned that the portrayal can't be limited to dark men. She was just portraying the sort of man who had the potential and who was oppressive. Not suprisingly, the greater part of the debate streams from the way that there aren’t other dark male characters depicted to balance the delineation of the abuser. This apparent irregularity anyway doesn’t imply that she is centering all her indignation towards dark guys, she is just attempting to outline subjects that individuals know are valid yet maybe reluctant to let it out. Another great contention is that it appears just as pundits are attempting to drive her to pick between her help for the dark network and her help for the women's activist development, and she won’t do that for them. She is similarly strong of both, and that is an entirely commendable quality. Alice Walker was an extremely close to home creator who was not reluctant to show or conceal anything in the battle against bigotry and backing for dark ladies.

The Role of Propaganda in All Quiet on the Western Front - Literature Essay Samples

World War I was a watershed event in world history. Besides being a war on such a massive scale with many casualties involving three major empires, it brought up many questions concerning the role of the nation state and the meaning of war. The soldiers that came out of World War I alive were often cynical and anti-society. Many art movements were created against the history of the war including Dada, surrealism and the Lost Generation. All Quiet on the Western Front joins Johnny Got His Gun and A Farewell to Arms as the novels which depicted World War I in a decidedly non-romantic light. Of the major antiwar books, All Quiet on the Western Front is rather unique in the ways that it places itself in direct discourse with war propaganda. This essay will discuss the ways that Remarque depicts pro-war propaganda in order to make the war that much more monstrous. Erich Maria Remarque was conscripted into the German army at the age of 18 and his experiences in the trenches of the Western Front formed the experiential basis for his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. Even though WWII resulted in more death, the wholesale slaughter that characterized WWI was even more horrific for various reasons including the use of the machine gun to kill thousands within minutes. Much of trench warfare involved wars of attrition where armies would fight over the most trivial of land masses. Many soldiers returned from the front with stories of nonsensical commanders, gas attacks, filthy trenches and watching all of their fellow soldiers being killed around them. These experiences would lead to several works concerning the war. â€Å"Between 1928 and 1930, Germany and Great Britain especially, and Franc and America to a lesser extent, experience a sudden and remarkable boom in war books, plays, and films. For a decade after the end of the war, publishers, t heatre directors, and film makers had treated war material gingerly, viewing it as a poor commercial proposition.† (Eksteins, 345) British poets like Siegfried Sassoon took a decidedly sardonic viewpoint whereas Dalton Trumbo dwelled on the physical costs of the war on the wounded soldiers who returned with missing limbs and damaged nerves. All Quiet on the Western Front was one of the most earnest antiwar books and it was adapted to a film only a year after its publication. Veterans of World War I embraced the book and the movie as truthful depictions of their experiences. One veteran said of the movie: â€Å"It made me shudder with horror. It brought the war back to me as nothing has ever done before†¦No detail of horror has been spared to us. The dangers, the savageries, the madness of war, and the appalling waste and destruction of youth†¦All these are depicted with relentless veracity.† (Wetta, 894) This reception not only won the movie an Academy Award but also cemented Remarque’s reputation as a writer. Due to the anti-war nature of the novel, the Nazis burned the book almost as soon as they had power and Remarque fled first to Switzerland and then to America where he spent the rest of his life between America and Switzerland. One of the most pressing concerns for the Nazis in regard to All Quiet on the Western Front was the way that the book attacked the war and nationalist propaganda that pushed soldiers into war. Since Nazi Germany was a country that was pushing for a full scale crusade that involved imperialism and genocide, a book that not only decried war but also stood as a refutation to the kind of propaganda that formed the basis of the Nazi party. One of the misnomers about propaganda is the application of the word. Propaganda is often used in an accusatory manner to denote the kind of political discourse which is manipulative and underhanded. Most of all, propaganda is what the other side does in order to brainwash its members. Few recognize propaganda when they are more or less in agreement with the agenda of the propaganda. As laudatory as Gandhi’s anti-imperialist protests and hunger strikes were, he was still engaging in a particular type of propaganda against the British Empire. He was marketing himself as a holy man who believed in peace above everything else and took the civil disobedience to the logical conclusion. Comparing Gandhi’s protests with Leni Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will may seem like a horrifying comparison; however, both are created to support the people in agreement with the propaganda, convince the people on the fence and hopefully, allow for the neutralizing of people in disagr eement. Gandhi and the Nazis were both engaging in propaganda and only history judges just how effective that propaganda had been. The book sets its tone right away with â€Å"This book is neither an accusation nor a confession, and least of all an adventure, for death is not an adventure to those who stand face to face with it. It will try simply to tell of a generation of men who, even though they may have escaped shells, were destroyed by the war.† (v) This part feels self-explanatory but it requires a little more unpacking to truly appreciate as a tone setting piece that attacks the propaganda nature of the world of the novel. The first clause about how the book is neither an accusation or a confession tells the reader that there is a great deal of crime and guilt in the scenes depicted. The accusation would be directed at the generals and the school teachers and the patriotic dirges which sent the young men to the front in the first place The confession is part of an intricate tradition of religious institutions which allowed the adherents expiate their sins – as defined by the faith – through the relating of the behavior and the absolution offered by prayer and a priest. In the act of war, the sin of murder becomes common, even in a post-structuralist morality. The philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas wrote extensively about the Other or particularly the Face of the Other that allows people to understand life from a multiplicity of perspectives. According to Richard Middleton-Kaplan: â€Å"The face of the Other, if truly looked into, forbids not just murder but also war, even war on the grandest scale.† (75-76) The part that states that â€Å"death is not an adventure to those who stand face to face with it† is particularly important to a discussion of how war is depicted in art and media. Adventure is a positive term that goes hand in hand with views of masculinity and individualism. In modern western society, children grow up watching the adventures in movies and reading about them in books. Figures like Indiana Jones, Luke Skywalker, Flash Gordon and Spiderman provide vicarious thrills for generations of children and adults. One of the most common refrains in pro-war propaganda is that war is an adventure. In fact the military is routinely presented as an adventure where young men and women can travel the world and see exotic locations. Not surprisingly â€Å"Remarques novel was banned in Nazi Germany for this reason, and because it failed to glorify war sufficiently to fit into the Nazi ideology of superiority and conquest.† (Ulrich, 232) The final portion of the introduction states that the men who fought in the war – or even the men who did not fight in the war – were destroyed even though they may have survived it. Erich Remarque is not just talking about the extreme cases of PTSD or limb amputation. He is talking about the people who needed to evaluate their lives in the absence of peers. These men went to war and saw horrors that no generation before them could conceive of on such a grand scale in such an efficient manner. They came back home to villages that were empty of the friends and comrades that they once had a pint with or knew all of their lives. Many of them couldn’t deal with the civilian life because they were so accustomed to the guns of war that they didn’t know how to fall asleep without watches and rats and the sounds of shooting. There are several stories associated with war. There are people who come home from wars feeling a renewed sense of purpose. WWII veterans tend to be very proud of their achievement and they accept the â€Å"greatest generation† label without too much protest. Vietnam War veterans have a host of issues concerning the war. Some like Ron Kovacks became anti-war activists. Others like John McCain became politicians who knew that their efforts in the war took decades to be fully appreciated. There are drug addicts and homeless veterans. There are also people who were proud of their efforts and believed that they were doing the right thing. Oliver North was of the belief that the main problem with Vietnam involved politicians not allowing the military to handle everything. Remarque by stating that the generation of young men (and not just those who fought in the trenches) was destroyed is giving us his view of how the war happened. For Remarque, the war was nasty and brutal. There will be no scenes of T.E. Lawrence standing in the desert with flowing robes and rising music. Kantorek is introduced in the book as a â€Å"stern little man in a grey tail-coat with a face like a shrew mouse.† (10) The comparison to the hated corporal leads the protagonist to note that small men are uncompromising and create the worst problems. Kantorek is the inspiration that led the boys into enlisting in the war and yet by the time the narrative begins, Kantorek is a memory of an innocent time when small little men could influence the protagonist but they couldn’t order them into certain death. Yet Kantorek’s influence is mostly from hectoring and expectations. â€Å"During drill-time, Kantorek gave us long lectures until the whole of our class went, under his shepherding, to the District Commandant and volunteered.† (11) Kantorek is depicted as glaring over his spectacles and asking the students if they had joined up. In these brief flashback scenes, Remarque depicts a social order that is based on conformity and duty. Technically, none of the students need to sign up for the war effort. Remarque was conscripted but there were several volunteers who went due to the influence of teachers, parents and comrades. Not surprisingly, Kantorek’s influence is not explicitly stated. We don’t hear what he is saying or why he is so convincing. In fact, the one line is â€Å"Won’t you join up, Comrades?† (11) This is not necessarily a convincing argument. It is simply the question being asked repeatedly. There are several great bombastic speeches that convince people to join a war effort. Propaganda and rhetoric is a western tradition that goes back to the Greeks. Football coaches and politicians and generals have been speaking in ways that push people into doing extraordinary things. The Winston Churchill speech about fighting on the beaches is an amazing speech that offered both comfort and inspiration for millions of British people. Henry V is a Shakespeare play primarily concerned with Henry V’s invasion of France and it can be as brutal or as romanticized as the director’s vision. Laurence Olivier directed a rather hokey version in 1944 where Henry was an unambiguous hero. Kenneth Branagh, by contrast, filmed a version of Henry V that was dirty and dark with Henry’s bathetic speeches being rung out for their terrible gravity. The only thing missing from the movie was the Shakespearean line where Henry V ordered the English to kill the French prisoners. Yet, for all the brutality and mud and death of innocents, the Agincourt speech still has a soaring music score and still feels like the most inspiring speech ever made – even though it’s mostly false and untenable as a logical argument. So it’s almost a surprise when the Kantorek character who got everyone to enlist is not depicted as ever giving any compelling arguments. He simply told them to do it and he told them to do it enough times that they wanted to enlist in order to stop hm. There are two techniques being used by Kantorek. The first technique is repetition. The famous Nazi line about telling a lie long enough so that people believe it holds true here since the main point of the character is the fact that he doesn’t stop trying. The second technique is conformity. Only one boy is depicted as holding out until finally he allowed himself to be persuaded â€Å"otherwise he would have been ostracized.† Joseph Behm’s minor rebellion against the herd is duly noted but ultimately useless. The band wagon is being jumped on and no one can resist it. A third propaganda technique mentioned is the goading of the word cowardice. Paul tells us that no one wanted to be called a coward. Interestingly enough, cowardice is one of those words like propaganda or rhetoric that colloquially mean ‘things we don’t like.’ When the BTK killer was finally caught, the families of his victims talked to him in court and called him a coward. However, he was the one who was creeping into people’s homes and tying them up before killing them. That’s not an act of a coward. When Bill Maher pointed out that the 9/11 hijackers weren’t cowards, his show was canceled and years later people were hating him for disputing the term â€Å"cowardice† on the basis that it takes bravery to hijack and airplane and use it to kill yourself and thousands of people. The death of Behm leads Paul to talk about how the major reason why Kantorek convinced the boys to enlist was due to the authority inherent in the man’s position. â€Å"The idea of authority, which they represented, was associated in our minds with a greater insight and a more humane wisdom.† The teacher who convinced his students to join in the war effort is basically using a power that is altogether too great for just anyone. Thus within the space of 2-3 pages, the narrator presents us with the propaganda techniques of bandwagon, repetition, threat of ostracism, the notion of bravery and appeals to authority. If everyone is joining up because the teacher told them to join up, refusal is still possible. However, it is much more difficult to enact in such a setting. The soldiers have an ambivalent view of Kantorek. They blame him for getting them into the war; however, they don’t think that he is malicious. They just find him foolish. When he calls them â€Å"Iron Youth†, he is the source of bitter smiles. Paul states that they are no longer youth and they aren’t entirely iron. The iron part is the part that can be disputed more easily than the youth part, but Paul Baumer is more inclined to hate the parts about how he calls them youth. Again, the author is making the point that the dangerously naà ¯ve propaganda has created a situation where boys are sent off to war without thought as to how much they will die. Yet the Iron part of the Iron Youth is also more for wishful thinking because the humanity of the soldiers needs to be taken away if they are to function. â€Å"He knows that if he sees the enemy as human, or as innocent and holy, he will not be able to function as a soldier. That way lies the abyss because that way lies death; if he cannot shoot into the eyes of the enemy, he will surely perish on the battlefield. Paul knows he must abandon his ethical, common bond with the Other.† (Middleton-Kaplan, 80) Later in the novel, Kantorek is called up to be a territorial and the soldiers that were once boys in his classroom are upbraiding him for his uniform before making him a squad leader. One of the points that the novel makes is the fact that Paul is amused that the roles have reversed and Kantorek is no longer the school master that oversees everyone. Paul takes this as a sign of growth but it is really a standard role reversal where the boys and the teacher merely engage in power dynamics. Ultimately the gesture is empty since they are still going to die in the war and it is still partially Kantorek’s fault for pushing them into it. Perhaps the most startling moments in the book are the points where Paul goes home and he needs to deal with the people who are still looking at him as if he is a brave soldier. He finds that he hates everything. He hates the propaganda and he hates the way that the people look at him as if they are proud of him. Furthermore, he hates peace since he knows that he doesn’t belong there anymore. The fields of Europe are covered with blood but that’s what he has made his life for all his time talking about home, he knows that he is unable to reconcile his soldier life with his home life. At one point, his mother asks him if it’s really that bad out there. She is looking for reassurance that it isn’t that bad; however, she also knows that all assurance would be in vain. After she asks if it was so bad, she mentions â€Å"Yes, but Heinreich Bredemeyer was here just lately and said it was terrible out there now, with the gas and all the rest of it.† (162) This does break down her innocence but it does make her a transitional character. Throughout the novel there are two attitudes concerning the war – propaganda and reality. The propagandists are gung ho to send their children into the battle and they are full of patriotic odes and appeals to manliness and â€Å"iron youth.† They are essentially stupid and purposefully ignorant of the battle. The second category involves the people who are in the war and they are full of descriptions of murder and brutality. Watching people die in gas attacks and bullets and realizing that they are killing each other over very little has turned them into old men. These are people who think nothing of rats in their trenches or stealing boots from the dead. The few moments of levity that they get are squalid and temporary. The mother is the character who does not blindly believe in the war propaganda. She is curious and she wants to know. Even though Paul rejects her questions as naà ¯ve and uses it as an excuse to go into his memories of seeing the dead, the mother is much different than the teachers that tell him to be proud of himself. The war has turned her into a person who knows the costs of war but not personally. She only knows about the rumors and the home front. In conclusion, All Quiet on the Western Front acts as a polemic against warfare and one of the strategies that the book uses is the presence of the ignorant propaganda that allows non-combatants to come up with fantasies like iron youth and fear of cowardice in order to get their charges into battle. In many ways, the author is not just speaking out against war but also the sheep-like mentality that allows people to go into war without thinking about the consequences. Works Cited Eksteins, Modris. â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front and the Fate of a War. Journal of Contemporary History. 15:2. (April 1, 1980). P. 345. Middleton-Kaplan, Richard. â€Å"Facing the Face of the Enemy: Levinasian Moments in All Quiet on the Western Front. Modern Fiction Studies. 54:1. (Spring 2008). Remarque, Erich Maria. All Quiet on the Western Front. Translated by Arthur Wesley Wheen. New York: Ballantine. 1982. Ulrich, David J. â€Å"A Male-Conscious Critique of Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front.† Journal of Men’s Studies. (Feb 29, 1998). 3:3. 229. Wetta, Frank. â€Å"Saving Private Ryan / All Quiet on the Western Front / Filming All Quiet on the Western Front: Brutal Cutting, Stupid Censors, Bigoted Politicos. The Journal of Military History. (October 1998). 62:4. P. 894

Bullying Is A Serious Social Problem - 911 Words

Bullying is a serious social problem that happens in schools between adolescents. Bullying is not taken seriously and often dismissed. The perpetrator and the victim are expected to work out the situation on their own. There are many forms of bullying such as physical, verbal, social, and cyber. The perpetrators can have a negative effect on the victim for many years and possibly even life. Despite numerous â€Å"anti-bullying† advertisements and campaigns, bullying is an important social issue that occurs at school. Bullying happens all around the world in different forms which has a negative effect on adolescents such as low self-confidence, depression and suicidal thoughts or attempts. Perpetrators use intentional aggressive behaviors and language towards their targets to cause internal/external harm. Bullying has been defined as â€Å"intentional aggressive behavior repeated over a period of time, where there is a power imbalance between the person being bullied and the perpetrator† (Shaw, Thà ©rà ¨se, et al). Perpetrators find satisfaction in humiliating their victim and are acting out to receive attention, whether it is good or bad. Perpetrators use various forms of bullying to harm their victim such as verbal, physical, relational, social, and cyber (Shaw, Thà ©rà ¨se, et al). Bullies are manipulative; they enjoy being in control and having power over their victims. Bullies lack empathy and find their victim’s pain as entertainment. Susan Carter states, â€Å"research finds that bulliesShow MoreRelatedBullying : A Serious Social Problem886 Words   |  4 Pagesnormal aspect of growing up, bullying in schools is increasingly being recognized as a serious social problem that should be met with organized preventative efforts to downsize it. 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Analysis Of My Grandmother By Mohammed Al Amari

According to UNICEF, â€Å"Over 8,000 have crossed Syria’s borders unaccompanied by adults and 4 million are on the run†. Civilians are trying to escape the ongoing civil war in Syria that began on March 2011. Artists from the public eye or the refugees created art to cover their experience or what they see on the media. In response to Syrian refugees fleeing to other countries, â€Å"the leader is watching† more effective art piece than â€Å"My Grandmother† by Mohammed Al Amari due to the fact that it exemplifies the experience as a civilian in the war and the transition as a refugee. Art allows people to express their emotion in creative manner such as painting, photography, poem, documentary, etc. Art is appreciated when it’s aesthetically pleasing†¦show more content†¦In March 2011, the rebels and government official attacks escalated which resulted in a civil war. In both sides of the conflict, they used acts that violated human rights such as murder, torture, rape, disappearance, and blocking access to basic necessities for survival. According to ABC News, Alisa Weirsema, states that â€Å"Russia supported Assad’s presidency which conflicted U.S. from getting involved since it would have involved allegiance countries. The government continues to use chemical toxins and bombs. U.S. launched an airstrike radical groups such as ISIS. Death has increased exponentially especially in the last two years. Many people see refuge in neighboring countries like Turkey, Iraq, Lebanon, Jordan, and Israel. Some decided to go farther to Europe such a s Greece†. UNICEF and countries gave resources and shelter through out the civil even though the resources are limited. Some countries are becoming dreary and created walls to block more Syrian refugee from coming in. Millions of death causalities tolled in from civilian in crossfire, journey to refuge, and health conditions deteriorating. It’s becoming harder to survive in Syria and risky travelling by sea or foot. The first artist, Mohammed Al- Amari, is one of the refugee in Za’atari Camp. According to NPR, Laura Starecheski, asserts that, â€Å"His family stayed in Syria three years into the war but last year they moved to a nearby village. In the village, there was no work, money,

Reluctant Fundamentalist Essay Sample free essay sample

â€Å"It’s like I’m an oyster. I’ve had this crisp pinpoint inside me for a long clip. and I’ve been seeking to do it more comfy. so easy I’ve turned it into a pearl. † ‘The Reluctant Fundamentalist’ a ‘brief and capturing narrative ; a ‘seething commentary on the events of station 9/11 and the bitterness it has created in the heads of non-western universe for the manner America has conducted itself after the onslaughts. A soliloquy narrated by a immature bearded Pakistani adult male Changez to his nameless American invitee with whom he meets in one of the oldest and busiest territories of Lahore Anarkali. Changez tells his invitee about his life and experiences of America ; narrating the yearss he has spent in America foremost as a pupil and so as a successful wall street professional. professing himself as a lover of America and depicting his journey from Pakistan to Princeton and so to Underwood Samson as a dream comes true. Later. in malice of his success in the functions and chances given to him by the host land ; he experienced scruples about his parts in those tendered functions every bit good as on the America’s function in the universe. Changez belongs to an upper category household whose wealth has diminished over the coevalss due to economic hardship. and household frailty. but still whose societal standings persists. He moved to America from his native metropolis of Lahore to analyze on scholarship at Princeton. At the top of his category at Princeton. he is snapped up by the celebrated â€Å"valuation† house of Underwood Samson. He was given a pre-employment fillip and went on careers to Greece with fellow Princeton pupils where he met with Erica and later fall in love with her. Erica a beautiful immature adult female ; ‘a lioness: strong. sleek and constantly surrounded by her pride’ as Changez depict her. She is an aspirant author. and from an elite household life in Manhattan New York. Though troubled from the decease of her childhood friend and sweetheart Chris from malignant neoplastic disease she was ‘struggling with a current that pulled her within herself’ . Her life after run intoing with Changez seems to be on a path of standardization for she likes to be with him ; and it serves as a mediation that heals herself from herwretchedness. I love it when you talk about where you come from†¦you become so alive I love it when you talk about where you come from†¦you become so alive She likes it when he talks about Pakistan. his household. civilization and manner of life in Lahore ; for she tells him ‘I love it when you talk about where you come from†¦you become so alive’ . On their return to America from Greece she helped Changez settling in New York. She takes him to put she used to see with Chris ; and invites him to a household dinner at her flat. She showed him the picture Chris has made while he was in school. her novelette she plans to print and present him to her parents. Even she likes Changez. somehow finds it hard to get down a relationship with him ; for she existed internally at a grade of remove from those around her†¦ some portion of her†¦was out of range. lost in ideas unexpressed. The inability to set herself in a new relationship ; made her progressively introverted and depressed. for she knows he loves and attentions for her ; merely like she did for Chris. For Changez the idea that she is invariably obsessed with the imaginativenesss of Chris ; he finds himself persistently in the presence of a rival ; one who was unseeable and unknown to him. Desperate to win her fondness ; he even tried to portray as Chris for his effort to win her psyche. for his desires to love her. For a minute she believed him. transformed into another universe with him ; a passage that Changez explains as. â€Å"It was as though we were under a enchantment. transported to a universe where I was Chris and she was with Chris† he made love to her. depi ct the feeling for acquiring something as being person else incite a feeling of both repletion and ashamed. â€Å"You’re a alert cat. You know where that comes from? It comes from experiencing out of place†¦Believe me. I know† â€Å"You’re a alert cat. You know where that comes from? It comes from experiencing out of place†¦Believe me. I know† Soon after fall ining the Underwood Samson with other trainees Changez for his passion and hard-work stand out among his co-workers gaining citation of his co-workers and higher-ups. Jim the frailty president of the house develops a personal liking for him for his zest. dedication and an apprehension of what he calls ‘fundamentals’ of success. â€Å"You’re a alert cat. You know where that comes from? It comes from experiencing out of place†¦Believe me. I know† . Jim himself is an foreigner in America ; rather successful in chase of his American Dream ; sees in Changez a contemplation of his yesteryear. Soon. Changez start acquiring of import assignments. going from one portion of the universe to the other with top of the firm’s executive While he is in Manila working on a rating undertaking he see as the twin towers collapse from the Television screen of his hotel room and somehow his first reaction was a smiling ; a unusual sentiment on the idea that person so visibly has brought America to its articulatio genuss as he narrate the histories of his initial reaction of the event to his invitee. The events of 9/11 greatly affected the manner the life used to be. for America that he believes to be a state who ever looks forward was progressively giving itself over to a unsafe nostalgia ; â€Å"The state looks backwards. at how things were better one time upon a clip. It has besides churned up the old ideas in Erica’s heads. for she looks backwards excessively. Chris is her lover from childhood. a lover with â€Å"Old World appeal† from a clip when life was simple and guiltless and she is â€Å"disappearing† into the same â€Å"powerful nostalgia† every bit America as state is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He returns to Pakistan during Christmas vacations. and finds his state threatened by the looming war from neighbouring India following the events of terrorist onslaught on Indian parliament in New Delhi. He wanted to remain in Lahore as he do non wanted to go forth his state and place in the thick of a crisis ; but from the shove of his household returns to New York explicating it as â€Å"I would shortly be gone. go forthing my household and my place behind. and this made me a sort of coward in my ain eyes. † On his return to New York he was under intuition. face favoritism at the airdrome foremost. so on the streets and public topographic points and in the office excessively. Frustrated with the deceit of Muslims as spiritual fiends in the American media. he refuses to shave off his face fungus that for him was a symbol of his Muslim individuality. It was a signifier of his protest to the America’s perceptual experience towards his people after 9/11. â€Å"I lacked a stable nucleus. I was non certain where I belonged† â€Å"I lacked a stable nucleus. I was non certain where I belonged† Troubled by his love matter with Erica who became highly ill from her emotional and physiological impairment ; and from that of the frights of an emerging war at place with an obviously superior and powerful rival has started impacting his public presentation at work and was mirrored in his turning physical and ideological alienation from America. â€Å"I lacked a stable nucleus. I was non certain where I belonged† Jim who still considers him as valuable plus to the house notices this and despite the black economic state of affairs assigned him with an of import assignment of rating of a publication house in Santiago ; Chile. sing a alteration would function a positive consequence on him. Changez nevertheless preoccupied with ideas of Erica and of troubled political state of affairs in Pakistan started pretermiting his undertakings in order to trail Erica for a answer who stop reacting to his electronic mails and phone calls. and surfing on cyberspace for narratives in order to follow Pakistani personal businesss online. Juan Batista who works in the publication house for old ages at first maintain a hostile attitude to the Changez and the other senior executive who were at that place to measure the publication house. Detecting his indifference to work Juan Batista invites Changez to meal. Tells him with the narrative of Janissaries. the immature Christian male child who fought against their ain civilisation under the Muslim regulation ; taken by their Masterss when they were excessively immature. He so asked Changez how old was he when he foremost comes to America. nevertheless on his answer he did non state anything to him. The meeting nevertheless serves as a accel erator ; solidifying his positions and bitterness for United States for Juan challenges his function and unity in America. and for that Changez considered himself as a modern twenty-four hours Janissary and the function he has been playing everlastingly transforms his thought of American dream and replacement it to that of a Loath Fundamentalist. He returns to New York from Santiago ; go forthing his assignment in the in-between knowing that would ensue in losing his occupation and shortly he has to go forth America following the termination of his visa. But he did non look to care for that for he was no longer charmed by the Underwood Samson or his calling chance and money. On his return he instantly resigned from his occupation and so went to see Erica at her place ; when her female parent told him about her status for she was admitted to a rehabilitation centre. He meet her in infirmary. for her status was that â€Å"she was vanishing into a powerful nostalgia. one from which merely she could take whether or non to return. † The nurse explained to Changez that for Erica it was hard to be in out in the universe. for she in her head sing things that were stronger and more meaningful than the things she could see with the remainder of us. Changez was in quandary. â€Å"to choose whether to go on to seek to win her ove r or to accept her wants and leave. †Maybe†¦it was a trial and I failed† Soon he discovered that Erica disappeared from the clinic where she was being treated. presumed to hold committed self-destruction for she was stating adieu to everyone in the infirmary. He knows in the terminal that she had died and there is no hope of seeing her once more. but still disbelieves. Despite of his inner turmoil’s. his bitterness for America ; his love for Erica remained basically unchanged. Losing all hopes of seeing Erica once more. he returns to Pakistan. Changez join a university as a lector in Lahore. and shortly go popular among his pupils for his unfavorable judgment of America as an militant withstanding America’s function in the universe and its policies of war.